James henderson



terns win ATENT FFIQE.

JAMES HENDERSON, OF BELLEFONTE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES G.FRANGKLYN, QF NEWV YORK, N. Y.

COMPOUND FOR FURNACE-LININGS AND FlRE-BRICK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed September 4.188-2.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES Hannnason, of Bellefonte, county of Centre,State of Pennsylvania, (formerly of New York,) have invented certain newand useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Compounds forFurnace-Linings and Fire-Brick, of which the following isa'specitication.

The object of my invention is to produce a compound for refractoryfurnace-linings and fire-brick, which shall be extremelyinfusible orcapable of resisting very high and long-continned heats, and which maybe applied and produced at a very small expense.

In carrying out this my invention 1 take curd of milk or lactic acid andmix it with hydrated lime, magnesian lime, or magnesia, or with silicaor sand, or oxide of iron, with or without other substances. The curd ofmilk is mixed with either of the above-named substances in suchproportions as will form a thick mortar. When used with lime, magnesianlime, or magnesia the curd is mixed with either of these substances to athick mortar, and prelerably molded into blocks and dried at theordinary temperature, and afterward subjected in any suitable furnace toa temperature high enough to frit or harden it. Such furnace may be anopen-hearth steelmelting furnace, and the block may be exposed thercinat the highest temperature for from three (3) to six (6) hours, whichtreatment causes the lime or magnesian lime or magnesia, prepared ashereinbefore described, to frit and contract to the extreme limits ofcontraction and become very hard and tirm. The lime, magnesian lime, ormagnesia, after the treatment above described, is pulverized, preferablywhile still warm, sufficiently fine to pass through a sieve, preferablyof about three thousand six hundred meshes to the square inch. To thiscompound of pulverized lime, magnesian lime, or magnesia I add a furtherquantity of lactic acid or curd of milk, in proportion to form a thickmortar, which is worked over until a thorough and intimate mixture iseffected, when it is ready for use for the walls or linings of hearthsof reverberatory furnaces, Bessemer converters, or other metallurgicvessels, when applied in the Patent No. 266,143, dated October 17, 1882.

(No specimens.)

I wet state and dried at the ordinary temperaready for use when dried atthe ordinary temperature; or it may be baked in kilns in the usualmanner; or, instead of using curd of milk to give the binding propertyto the previouslyfritted and pulverized compound, glucose and water, orother equivalent vegetable binding substance, in application filed on orabout August 22,1882, may be used, either with or without hydrated lime,magnesian lime, or magnesia, in admixture to give it the bindingproperty.

The curd of milk or lactic acid may be employed with pure sand or silicaor oxide of iron to give the bindingproperty to form furnacelinings orfire-brick, or in combination with other substances, and is a substituteor equivalent for this purpose for glucose or vegetable bindingsubstances, from which starch or sugar may be derived. In itsapplication to sand or silica the sand is preferably washed and freedfrom loam, and is mixed with the curd to the consistency of thickmortar, preferably with about .five (5) per cent. of hydrated lime,magnesian lime, or magnesia, or alumina, (which is preferably derivedfrom fire-clay,) or ten (10) percent. of oxide of iron, to give it theproperty of not contracting or expanding with changes of temperature. aspossible from other substances which will form fusible compounds withthe lime, magnesian lime, magnesia, oxide of iron, or alumina used inadmixture, and all are preferably reduced to the fineness of flour orsea-sand and intimately mixed before the curd of milk or laoticacid isadded, and the whole is worked over until a thorough and intimatemixture is effected, when it is ready for use for walls or linings ofhearths of reverberatory furnaces, Bessemer converters, and othermetallurgical vessels, when applied in the wet state and dried at theordinary temperature; or it may be molded into brick, which are readyfor use when dried at the ordinary temperature; or the bricks may bebaked inthe usual manner.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to any of theproportions of silica,

The silica or sand are used as free ture; orit may be molded into brick,which are 7 oxide of iron herein given, as others may be linings orfire-brick, consisting in subjecting used, if preferred and good resultsbe oh lime, magnesian lime, or magnesia to snfii- Q tamed. ciently hightem ieratures to frit; or harden ii,

hat I claim and desire to secure by Letand, secondly, to pnlverize thefritted lime,

5 iers Patent, ismagnesian lime, or magnesia and mix it with IS 1.'llienrocess of manufacturing furnace-liir card of milk or lactic acid,as specified. ing's or fire-brick, consisting of mixing curd of JAMESHENDERSON. milk or lactic acid with the refractory mate \Viinesses: 1rials or compounds, as specified. SGHUYLER DURYmc,

IO 2. The process of manufacture of furnai'tc- LEWIS THOMPSON.

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